Dolorian wrote:Recently I saw this statement made in another forum:
Please tell me how you with science alone plan to address the question on how the subjectivity of consciousness can arise from a reality that is postulated to be material/phyusical, meaning it operates by external relations only. No matter how many neurons you postulate or how intricate their external connections to each other, you cannot magically produce a subjective reality out of purely objective relations. It ends up in nonsense every time. The understanding of mind and how it relates to the brain seems to require a re-conceptualization of nature, which in itself is not scientic enterprise, but a philosophical one.
The person who posted it is a Christian, arguing against a monist account of mind. This is an area I am honestly not too informed about and I was wondering if some of the folks here could shed some light about what this person is saying and what sort of answer could be formulated to it.
Thanks in advance.
Basically, he's correct. The problem he's talking about called, these days, the "Hard Problem of consciousness", and there is no materialistic solution to it. Strictly speaking, there are
monistic solutions. It's a problem for
materialism, but that's not the only form of monism available. It's not such a problem for idealism (the belief that reality is entirely mental and that the material world has only a secondary sort of existence - or doesn't really exist at all) or for neutral monism (the belief that there's only one sort of stuff in reality, but it is neither mental nor physical).
A lot of materialists have trouble accepting the problem is real precisely because it is so damned simple. Materialism is the claim that
only physical/material thing exist. And if that is true, and you've got this thing called a brain - a lump of meat that is doing stuff - then
that is all you can ever have. All you have is a brain and the processes going on in that brain. So what the hell is consciousness? How does a brain "generate consciousness"? As soon as you admit there's any such thing as "consciousness" or "subjective experiences" or, more technically, "qualia", then you're stuffed (if you are a materialist). LOGICALLY stuffed. You're stuffed because you then have to explain what the relationship is between brain activity and consciousness. And what are the options? Well you can say the relationship is "is", but then you have to explain how two things that appear to be completely different, with utterly different properties, can somehow "be the same thing", which is impossible. But if the relationship is not "is", then you've explicitly admitted that reality contains something else on top of the brain activity, which renders materialistic monism logically false.
There is no way out of this problem apart to deny consciousness exists. Materialists holding this position are called "eliminative materialists" because the believe all talk about "consciousness" should be eliminated.